Humayun Ahmed

 

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Humayun Ahmed ([ɦumaijun aɦmed]; 13 November 1948 – 19 July 2012)^[4][5] was a Bangladeshi novelist, dramatist, screenwriter, filmmaker, songwriter, scholar, and lecturer.^[6] His breakthrough was his debut novel Nondito Noroke published in 1972.^[7] He wrote over 200 fiction and non-fiction books, many of which were bestsellers in Bangladesh.^[8][9] His books were the top sellers at the Ekushey Book Fair during the 1990s and 2000s.^[10] He won the Bangla Academy Literary Award in 1981 and the Ekushey Padak in 1994 for his contribution to Bengali literature.

In the early 1990s, Ahmed emerged as a filmmaker. He went on to make a total of eight films - each based on his own novels. He received six Bangladesh National Film Awards in different categories for the films Daruchini Dip, Aguner Poroshmoni and Ghetuputra Komola. He has his own production company named Nuhash Chalachitra.

Early life and background

Ahmed was born on 13 November 1948 in Kutubpur village in the then Netrokona Mahakuma^{[note 1]} under Mymensingh District, East Bengal, Dominion of Pakistan (now in Kendua Upazila, Netrokona District, Bangladesh).^[11][4][12] His mother, Ayesha Foyez (née Khatun) (1930–2014), was a homemaker.^[13] His father, Foyzur Rahman Ahmed (1921–1971), was a sub-divisional police officer in Pirojpur District and was killed in 1971 during the Bangladesh Liberation War.^[14] In 2011, politician Delwar Hossain Sayeedi was put on trial for the killing but was acquitted of the charge in 2013 due to a lack of evidence.^[15][16] Humayun's brother, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal, is a writer and academician. Another brother, Ahsan Habib, is a cartoonist. He had three sisters – Sufia Haider, Momtaz Shahid and Rukhsana Ahmed.^[17]

During his childhood, Ahmed lived in Sylhet, Comilla, Chittagong, Bogra, Dinajpur and Panchagarh where his father was on official assignment.^[12]

Education and early career

Ahmed studied in Chittagong Collegiate School.^[18] He passed the SSC examination from Bogra Zilla School in 1965.^[12] He then passed HSC from Dhaka College and earned his bachelor's and master's in chemistry from the University of Dhaka.^[12] He joined as a faculty member of the same university.^[12] Later he earned his PhD in polymer chemistry from North Dakota State University.^[12]

Works

Novels

Ahmed wrote his debut novel Nondito Noroke (In Blissful Hell) during the 1971 Bangladesh independence war while he was a university student.^[19][20] The novel was published in 1972 by the initiative of writer Ahmed Sofa under Khan Brother's Publishers.^[21][22] From his very first novel, his themes included the aspirations of average middle-class urban families and portrayed quintessential moments of their lives.^[23] His second novel was Shonkhonil Karagar.^[24]

Ahmed wrote fictional series featuring recurring characters such as Himu (21 novels), Misir Ali (20 novels), Shuvro (6 novels)^[24][25][26] Other important non-rucurring characters are Baker Bhai, Tuni and more. He wrote several novels based on the Bangladesh Liberation War – Aguner Poroshmoni, matal haowa , Paap, 1971 and Jochona O Jononir Golpo.^[24] His also wrote many romantic novels including Srabon Megher Din, Badol Diner Prothom Kodom Phool, Noboni, Krishnopoksho, Aj Dupure Tomar Nimontran, and Tumi Amai Dekechhile Chhutir Nimontrane.^[24]

Ahmed wrote autobiographies - Amar Chelebela, Ballpoint, Fountain Pen, Hiji-biji, Hotel Graver Inn, May Flower, Kath Pencil, Lilabotir Mrityu, New York-er Nil Akashe Jhokjhoke Rod and Rong Pencil.^{[27][28][29][30]} His novel Gouripur Junction was translated in nine languages.^[24]

besides all, he also wrote some books which is alive in the people's heart such as, Tetul bone jochna, asmanira tin bon,Darkaker shangshar kingba majhe majhe tobo dekha pai, Tomake,opekkha,rupa, ni,irina,Ekti cycle ebong koyekti dahuk pakhi,rumali,ayna ghor,onnodin,bohubrihi,eishob dinratri,badshah namdar,megh boleche jabo jabo,ele bele, brishti bilash,jokhon giyeche dube ponchomir chad,ayomoy,ondhokarer gaan,dighir jole kar chaya go,megher chaya,rupali dip,amar ache jol,achinpur,gouripur jongshon,dui duyari,moddhanno,chayabithi,kichukkhon,brihonnola,nirbashon,nil oporajita,liluya batash,the exorcist and so on

Television and film

Ahmed's first television drama was Prothom Prohor (1983), directed by Nawazish Ali Khan.^[31] His first drama serial was Ei Shob Din Ratri (1985). This was followed by the comedy series Bohubrihi (1988), the historical drama series Ayomoy (1988), the urban drama series Kothao Keu Nei (1990), Nokkhotrer Raat (1996), and Aaj Robibar (1999). In addition, he made single episode dramas, most notably Nimful (1997) and Badol Diner Prothom Kodom Ful.^[32] Recurring characters in dramas directed and screenplayed by him are Tara Tin Jon and Alauddiner Cherager Doitto.

Ahmed directed films based on his own stories. His first film, Aguner Poroshmoni (1994), based on the Bangladesh Liberation War, won the 19th Bangladesh National Film Awards in a total of eight categories, including the awards for the Best Film and the Best Director.^[33][34] Another film Shyamal Chhaya (2005) was also based on the same war.^[35] His last directed film, Ghetuputra Kamola (2012), the story of a teenage boy, was set in the British colonial period.^[36]

Shyamol Chhaya and Ghetuputra Kamola were selected as the Bangladeshi entries for the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film in 2006 and 2012 respectively, but were not nominated.^[37][38]

In 2009, Ahmed appeared as one of two judges for the reality television music competition show Khudey Gaanraaj.^[39]

Music

Ahmed composed around 40 songs which he used in his films and television dramas.^[40] The songs were based on the folk music of the north-eastern part of Bangladesh.^[40] His notable singles include "Lilabali Lilabali Ghoro Joubothi Shoi Go", "'Pubali Batashey", "Ekta Chhilo Shonar Konya", "O Amar Ural Ponkhi Rey", "Jodi Mon Kadey", "Ke Porailo Amar Chokh-e Kolonko Kajol", "Chadni Poshor Raite Ke Anay Shoron Kore", "Ami Aaj Bhejabo Chokh Somudrer Joley", "Cholona Brishtitey Bhiji", "Channi Poshor Raite Jeno Amar Moron Hoy", "Hablonger Bajarey Giya" and "Konya Nachilo Rey".^[40] The songs were rendered by Subir Nandi, Selim Chowdhury, S I Tutul, Meher Afroz Shaon and others.^[40]

Critical response

Nobel laureate economist Muhammad Yunus assessed Ahmed's overall impact saying: "Humayun's works are the most profound and most fruitful that literature has experienced since the time of Tagore and Nazrul."^[9] Similarly, according to poet Al Mahmud, "one golden age of Bengali literature ended with Tagore and Nazrul and another began" with Ahmed.^[9] Writer Imdadul Haq Milan considered him to be "the almighty lord of Bengali literature, controlling all their actions and thoughts".^[9] Dawn, Pakistan's oldest and most widely read English-language newspaper, referred to him as the cultural legend of Bangladesh.^[41] Times of India credited Humayun as "the person who single-handedly shifted the capital of Bengali literature from Kolkata to Dhaka".^[9] Sunil Gangopadhyay described him as the most popular writer in the Bengali language for a century^[42] and according to him, Ahmed was even more popular than Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay.^[43] However, during his lifetime author Shahriar Kabir dismissed him for "always speaking for the establishment."^[44] Literary critic Azfar Hussain said: "I am not surprised he talks like a pro-establishment writer. I find him ignorant."^[44]

Controversy

On 11 May 2012, two chapters of Ahmed's future novel Deyal were published in the daily Prothom Alo.^[45] 3 days later, Attorney General of Bangladesh Mahbubey Alam drew attention of the High Court on a discrepancy about a detail of the historical event of killing Sheikh Russel in Ahmed's writing.^[46][45] The court later issued a suo moto rule and asked the authorities to provide Ahmed copies of relevant documents and judgements of the killing case, so that Ahmed could rectify the writing.^[47][45]

Personal life

Ahmed married Gultekin Khan in 1976.^[33][34][48] Together they had three daughters, Nova, Shila and Bipasha, and one son, Nuhash Humayun. Shila Ahmed went on to become a television and film actress and Nuhash became a writer, film director and producer.^{[citation needed]} He was one of the directors of Iti, Tomari Dhaka. Bipasha also acted in a supporting role in Nokkhotrer Raat and starred in Mayaboti. In 2003, Ahmed divorced Gultekin. He then married actress Meher Afroz Shaon in 2004. He had two sons from the second marriage, Nishad and Ninit.^[49]

Death

Ahmed had open-heart surgery at Mount Elizabeth Hospital in Singapore.^[50] A few years later, during a routine checkup, doctors found a cancerous tumor in his colon. On 14 September 2011, he was flown to Memorial Sloan–Kettering Cancer Center in New York City for treatment.^[50] During his stay there, he wrote the novel, Deyal, based on the life of Sheikh Mujibur Rahman and Ziaur Rahman after the period of Bangladesh Liberation War.^[51] In January 2012, he was appointed as a senior special adviser of the Bangladesh Mission to the United Nations.^[52]

On 12 May 2012, Ahmed returned to Bangladesh for two weeks.^[53] He died on 19 July 2012 at 11:20 PM BST at Bellevue Hospital in New York City.^[8] There was some tension in the family over the selection of his burial site, but eventually his estate, Nuhash Palli was selected.^[2]